Tunnel anchor has the advantages of large bearing capacity, low cost and little influence on the surrounding environment. In order to explore the mechanical response law of the improved new tunnel anchorage and the traditional gravity anchorage under normal design cable force and super cable force load, the finite element method is used to establish the surrounding rock-anchor body model, and the stress, deformation and plastic zone development trend of the anchor body before and after the load are systematically monitored. Combined with the safety factor, the bearing capacity of tunnel anchorage is evaluated. The results show that the bearing capacity of the new improved tunnel anchorage is about 5.92% higher than that of the traditional gravity anchorage. The optimal inclination angle between the anchor body and the surrounding rock is about 30°~40°, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the improved new tunnel anchor is about 10 times the design cable force.