With the development of economy, the medical and health conditions are improving day by day, the medical level is also rising, and large hospitals have become an indispensable part of China's medical and health system. For large hospitals, the design of a reasonable power supply and distribution system is crucial, which can not only ensure the normal operation of the hospital, but also provide high-quality medical services to patients. Combined with the power supply and distribution design practice of a large hospital, the design of power supply and distribution system of large hospital buildings is deeply discussed from the aspects of stage load and calculation, power supply, substation setting, protection measures, emergency power supply system, etc., and the problems that need to be considered and solved in practical application are proposed. To provide feasible references and suggestions for the design of power supply and distribution systems in medical buildings.