The metal minerals in the rough concentrate of ilmenite gravity separation in Xinjiang are mainly ilmenite, magnetite, pyrite and pyrrhotite, and the gangue minerals are mainly orthopyroxene, pyroxene, tschermakite, talc, feldspar, chlorite, etc. The average Ti mass fraction in ilmenite minerals is lower than the theoretical value of 1.76%, and most of them contain impurity elements such as Mn and Mg, and the particle size is fine with magnetite and gangue minerals. In order to realize the efficient separation of rough concentrate by ilmenite gravity separation, the flotation and quality improvement test is carried out. The results show that for the ilmenite gravity separation concentrate with TiO₂ mass fraction of 33.38% and TFe grade of 36.24%, the process flow of one grinding-weak magnetic iron removal-desulfurization-one rough and one sweeping five fine floating titanium is adopted, under the reagent system of grinding fineness of one samples of -0.074 mm and sodium fluosilicate adjuvant + DTX A collector, a good index of 46.34% titanium concentrate, 45.10% TiO₂ grade and 62.60% recovery rate can be obtained, and a by-product iron rough concentrate with a yield of 26.71%, a TFe grade of 47.74%, a recovery rate of 35.19% and a TiO₂ mass fraction of 29.34% can be obtained. The results can provide a technical basis for the separation of this type of ilmenite ore.