Due to the poor engineering nature, the Xigeda soil in Panxi area is easy to cause the instability of the slope of the temporary spoil slope of the highway. The bamboo reinforcement method has the advantages of convenient local materials and low price, and the engineering application has been increased, but the research on its system is relatively scarce. Therefore, a temporary spoil of a highway in Panxi area of Sichuan province is taken as an example, and the mechanism of bamboo reinforcement of spoil slope and the influence of bamboo reinforcement spacing on the stability of spoil slope is discussed through theoretical analysis, triaxial test of reinforced soil and finite element analysis. The results show that: (1) Compared with the unreinforced soil, the bamboo reinforcement has a significant effect on the improvement of soil integrity, and the shear strength of the reinforced soil is significantly improved; (2) The spacing of the reinforcement belt has an inverse proportional nonlinear relationship with the safety factor of the spoil slope, and when the spacing exceeds 1,500 mm, the effect of reinforcement on the slope is weakened sharply. (3) The spacing of the soil reinforcement belt should be 350 mm. The results can provide references for the temporary support protection of similar spoil projects.