It is found that fiber materials can effectively solve the problems of low strength and poor integrity of traditional composite wallboard. Based on a large number of literatures, the application and influence of different forms of fibers in reinforced composite wallboard, the design and experimental methods of wallboards are summarized, the shortcomings of existing research are showed clearly, and prospects for the future are proposed. The results show that, fiber reinforcement and grille realize the enhancement of the bearing capacity of the wallboard through such modes as the external reinforcement strips, the built-in grille of the inner & outer leaves, and the increase of the reinforcement ratio. Fiber cloth is mostly used for the reinforcement of damaged wallboard and the enhancement of use function, and it is necessary to pay attention to the fiber cloth sticking method, the number of adhesive layers and the adhesive position; As a new type of material, fiber reinforced composite material is all-round to enhance the performance of the wallboard, which is mostly reflected in the matrix part of the sandwich wallboard, and is an ideal material to achieve lightweight and high strength of the wallboard. The results can provide strong support for the development of prefabricated composite wallboard.