For the main urban areas of major cities and areas with tight land acquisition, as a common form of passenger station layout, the under-bridge station building has the characteristics of high utilization rate of space under the bridge, saving construction land, convenient for passengers to enter and exit the station, efficient and convenient travel, etc but its architectural and structural design are limited by bridge span and height of the space under the bridge. In order to make full use of the space under the viaduct for the structural design of the station, the structural design of the under-bridge station building is summarized and analyzed by combining the engineering examples of three station buildings, including Beijing Daxing station, Miyun station and New shaoxing North Station; the structural design principles of this kind of station building is expounded; so their useful design ideas and methods can be used for reference at station foundation, structure selection, unit division, seismic design and other aspects under different design conditions. The results show that the design for station structure not only can achieve the seismic fortification goal of “no damage in small earthquakes, repairable in medium earthquakes, and no collapse in large earthquakes” combined with the characteristics of the space under the bridge and the requirements of the building layout of the station, but also can achieve the unity of ensuring the safety of the main structure and the functional requirements of the station building, the unity of the line design on the bridge and the utilization of the space under the bridge, and the unity of social and economic benefits.