In order to better understand the performance of straw ash concrete in practical applications and reduce the environmental impact of cement use, the relevant research in the field of straw ash concrete are reviewed, and the possibilities of straw ash as an agricultural waste and high volcanic ash active materials as cement substitutes are discussed. The results show that the amount of straw ash has a significant impact on the working performance, mechanical properties and durability of concrete, and the appropriate dosage could optimize the overall performance of concrete. The results can provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the research and application of straw ash concrete in the future.