In order to verify the feasibility and reliability of the pile anchor support system in the deep foundation pit of the station building, based on the construction of the deep foundation pit support structure of the station buildings of the Zhuzhou Station reconstruction and expansion project, the application of the pile anchor support structure in the deep foundation pit project of the large railway station building is introduced in detail from the perspective of design and construction, and the monitoring data of the foundation pit support system during the construction process is analyzed. The results show that: 1) The design and construction scheme of top grading + pile anchor support can better control the formation deformation, ensure the safety of adjacent existing buildings, and provide valuable design and construction experience for the smooth implementation of deep foundation pit projects under complex urban environmental conditions. 2) Adjacent existing buildings will aggravate the settlement deformation of the foundation pit, and the surface differential settlement caused by the excavation of the foundation pit will lead to slight deflection of the buildings. The results can provide reference for the protection construction of deep foundation pit of station buildings under similar geological conditions.