In order to deal with the environmental risks and resource utilization bottlenecks of laterite nickel ore wet tailings, its treatment technology system (covering process principles, recovery paths and technical characteristics) is systematically analyzed, its technical bottlenecks and solutions are discussed in combination with economic and social benefits. The results show that: 1) In terms of technical path, for the occurrence of metals in tailings, the existing processes include high-temperature metallurgy (such as blast furnace melt reduction), low-temperature acid leaching (nickel leaching rate 60%～80% ), solid-phase reduction and magnetic roasting-wet joint treatment, but low-temperature acid leaching faces equipment corrosion and waste acid treatment problems; 2) In terms of economic and environmental challenges, the energy consumption of high-temperature processes accounts for more than 40% , the cobalt recovery rate is less than 30% , the annual corrosion rate of equipment is 0.5～1.2 mm , and the return on investment period of industrialization exceeds 8 years; 3) In terms of policy innovation direction, it is necessary to promote the utilization of building materials through circular economy strategies, and break through the bottleneck of "high investment and low efficiency" by combining solar thermal energy carbon reduction, AI optimization, biometallurgy and other technologies. The results can provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the design and policy formulation of low-carbon resource paths for wet tailings in laterite nickel ore.