The cable of long-span cable-stayed bridge is prone to fatigue damage and failure due to the coupling effect of random dynamic load and unfavorable environment for a long time. The fatigue reliability analysis of stay cables can provide a scientific basis for optimizing the reliability design and service operation and maintenance of stay cables. Based on the research progress in recent years, this paper systematically reviews the research status of random cross-threshold analysis, fatigue cumulative damage and cable-stayed cable reliability evaluation. Combining the random process cross-threshold analysis theory, a new perspective of cable-stayed cable fatigue reliability evaluation is constructed, aiming to provide theoretical reference and technical path for establishing a more accurate cable-stayed cable fatigue reliability evaluation system.