Hospital buildings are characterized by complex functions and high occupant density. Meanwhile, the code for fire protection design of buildings is technically complex and covers a wide range of areas, making it difficult to provide precise definitions and requirements for all situations. Moreover, variations in the interpretation and implementation of the Code among different parties may lead to design deviations when dealing with controversial clauses. Based on a case project of fire protection design, this paper summarizes the principles and methods of fire protection design for hospital buildings by analyzing review comments from various parties and comparing multiple codes and standards. The analysis indicates that, for hospital fire protection design, a comparative analysis of relevant codes should first be conducted, with more stringent provisions being implemented. Furthermore, the opinions of approval experts should be respected and active communication should be pursued. The ultimate goal of fire protection design is to eliminate fire hazards and ensure building fire safety.